SEE 2079 Gandaki Province — Science Past Paper

Full marks: 75 · Time: 2 hours 15 minutes · With step-by-step model answers in Nepali & English.

1. Q1.

   Group A - Write short answers to the following questions. (15 x 1 = 15)

   • (a) On which principle is a hydraulic garage lift based?
   • (b) How much solar energy falls per square metre on the surface of the earth in one second?
   • (c) What is the main principle of a liquid thermometer?
   • (d) Write one way to increase the magnitude of the induced e.m.f. in a generator.
   • (e) Which group of the periodic table is the group of very reactive non-metals?
   • (f) How much is the specific gravity of gold?
   • (g) Write the name of an alkane having three carbon atoms.
   • (h) Why does the left ventricle of the heart have a thick muscular wall?
   • (i) In which category of air pollutant is the water vapour given off by plants kept?
   • (j) Generally, which type of asexual reproduction occurs in amoeba?
   • (k) State Newton's universal law of gravitation.
   • (l) Write the molecular formula of a base which does not contain a metal.
   • (m) What is nuptial flight?
   • (n) Write the names of the upper two layers of the meninges.
   • (o) What is the time period of the Palaeozoic Era?
2. Q2.

   Write any two differences between free fall and weightlessness.

3. Q3.

   Name any one equipment used to convert solar energy into electrical energy. Write any one application of it in daily life.

4. Q4.

   An iron nail of mass 10 g at 180 °C is immersed into 50 g of water at 100 °C.

   • (a) Which of them has more heat energy?
   • (b) Which of them has more average kinetic energy of molecules?
5. Q5.

   An inert gas is filled inside a filament lamp. Why? Write any two points.

6. Q6.

   Electronic configurations of some elements are given in the table:

   • (a) Why is element X inert?
   • (b) Write the balanced chemical equation of the reaction between elements Y and Z. OR (for visually impaired only): Which compound is formed by the reaction between elements Y and Z?
7. Q7.

   A burning splinter of metal Y is inserted into a gas jar containing a gas; it produces a white powder (compound X, which is used as an antacid) and a black powder Z.

   • (a) Write the molecular formula of the white powder.
   • (b) Which gas may be in the gas jar?
8. Q8.

   Give one reason for each:

   • (a) NH3 cannot be collected by downward displacement of water.
   • (b) CO2 cannot be collected by downward displacement of air.
9. Q9.

   Write any two differences between a homologous series and a functional group.

10. Q10.

    Draw a diagram of a neuron and label any two parts of it. OR (for visually impaired only): Write any two differences between the brain and the spinal cord.

11. Q11.

    Two chromosomes A and B are shown in the diagram. (Refer to the original diagram.)

    • (a) Write the name of Chromosome B.
    • (b) What is the structure called which is responsible for sex determination? OR (for visually impaired only): In sex determination, which parent's chromosome - the father's or the mother's - is responsible? Explain.
12. Q12.

    Show asexual reproduction in rhizopus and hydra by suitable diagrams.

13. Q13.

    When pure black and pure white rats were crossed, all the offspring obtained were hybrid black.

    • (a) Which generation shows this result?
    • (b) Which law of Mendel is proved by this experiment?
14. Q14.

    Which compound is the major factor of ozone-layer depletion? Clarify it with a chemical reaction.

15. Q15.

    The government of Nepal is giving subsidies for constructing biogas plants.

    • (a) Why does the government encourage establishing biogas plants?
    • (b) Why is biogas fuel better than fossil fuel in the context of Nepal?
    • (c) Why is the use of biogas more effective in rural parts of Nepal?
16. Q16.

    A candle of 2 cm height is placed 5 cm in front of a convex lens of focal length 3 cm. Draw an accurate scale ray diagram of the image formed and calculate the magnification of the image. OR (for visually impaired only): If a candle is placed 5 cm in front of a convex lens of focal length 3 cm, where and how is the image formed? Explain. Write the formula used to calculate magnification.

17. Q17.

    Give one scientific reason for each:

    • (a) Metals are used to make cooking utensils.
    • (b) The handle of a frying pan is generally made of wood or plastic.
    • (c) Although copper and iron are both metals, copper is not used to make cooking utensils.
18. Q18.

    Glass is a man-made material commonly used in daily life.

    • (a) What type of environmental problem is caused by the use of glass?
    • (b) Write any one way of solving the above environmental problem.
    • (c) Polycarbonate lenses block UV rays. Write any one use of such glass.
19. Q19.

    Parts of the brain are shown in the figure.

    • (a) Label part C.
    • (b) Write one function of part B.
    • (c) What happens to a person if part A is damaged in an injury? OR (for visually impaired only): Write any two functions of the cerebrum. If the spinal cord is injured, write one effect on the person.
20. Q20.

    A scientist crossed a pure round-seeded pea plant with a pure wrinkled-seeded pea plant and obtained 7,524 pea seeds in the F2 generation. According to Mendel's law, find the number of pure wrinkled and hybrid round pea seeds. Show the cross with a suitable diagram.

21. Q21.

    The densities of some materials are given in the table:

    • (a) Which material floats on water?
    • (b) When materials A and D have the same volume, which one has more mass?
    • (c) When materials A and D of the same volume are placed in water, which one displaces more water?
    • (d) Write the name of material D.
22. Q22.

    A compound gives hydrogen ions and nitrate ions in the solution state.

    • (a) Write the name and molecular formula of the compound.
    • (b) What change occurs when blue litmus paper is kept in this compound?
    • (c) Show, by a balanced chemical equation, the products formed when the dilute solution of this chemical reacts with calcium oxide.
23. Q23.

    Blood circulation in the human body is shown. A and B are body parts (organs) and C, D, E, F are blood vessels. (Refer to the original diagram.)

    • (a) Write the name of the blood vessel that carries impure blood at high pressure.
    • (b) What will happen if B does not work properly?
    • (c) Describe in short the blood circulation between the heart and A. OR (for visually impaired only): Explain the two main circulations - the purification of impure blood and the supply of pure blood to the various organs of the body.
24. Q24.

    A chart in a school science laboratory shows the following data:

    • (a) Write the name of planet A.
    • (b) Why does planet A have a high temperature?
    • (c) In your opinion, which of the given planets is suitable for the survival of living beings? Write any two reasons.

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